Chapter 14: Expectations

  • How do I communicate to students that what we’re doing is important, that they can do it well, and that I won’t give up on them?
  • What are the meaning and significance of the words ‘standards’ and ‘expectations’? How does each impact the learning environment we create?
  • How do students come to know what is expected of them… or, what is important?
  • To what causes do students attribute their successes and failures?
  • How do students’ beliefs and their attributions influence their motivation to work hard and their confidence that they can achieve at high levels?
  • How do our beliefs about ability influence our behavior, the messages we send to students about their intellectual capacity, and our effectiveness in communicating high expectations to all students?
  • What opportunities can we seize daily to communicate our confidence and conviction and convince our students that they have plenty of ability to learn?
  • How can we explicitly teach students to exert their effort effectively?

Teachers must communicate that what they are doing is important, that students can do it, and that they won’t give up on them.

It is not enough to have high expectations; teachers must also communicate these expectations clearly and with conviction.

Students who believe they can succeed are more likely to exert effort and engage with challenging tasks.

The belief in the bell curve of intelligence is harmful; all students can achieve at high levels with the right conditions.